Medical+Industry

__ ​ The Medical Industry__ Surgery started a very long time ago. It is believed that the Egyptian's began the Medical Industry in 3,000 B.C. They had treatments for the back,chest and shoulders. __**Civil War Medical Industry:**__ During the civil war, there was limited anesthesia. Doctors had to amputate legs and arms while the patients were still awake. Anesthesia was discovered in the early 1840's and was used in surgical operations ever since. Although 75percent of the people who got something amputated survived.
 * Surgical Anesthesia:** a state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs.


 * Medical Instruments used during the Civil War:**
 * Capital Saw
 * Metacarpel Saw
 * Amputating Knife
 * Large Catlin
 * Scapel
 * Tenaculum
 * Artery Needle
 * Artery Forceps
 * Bone Forceps
 * Spiral Tourniquet
 * Surgeon's Needles
 * __Main Diseases During Civil War:__**
 * Gangrene: Caused flesh to rot away because of cutting off blood circulation. This was common after surgery. The first vaccine for gangrene came out
 * Typhoid fever: The first vaccine for typhoid fever came out in 1896, it is a viral infection and is a life threatening illness.
 * Yellow fever: It is a viral infection and is tranmitted by mosquitos. The first vaccine for yellow fever came out in 1935.

**__The X-ray:__** Wilhem Conrad Roentgen discovered the x-ray. An x-ray allows doctors to look at skeletons without cutting into your flesh. It is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a very short wavelength.

**__Before Contacts:__** 1508-Leonardo da Vinci discovered the concept of contacts 1887-The first contact lens was manufactured from glass and was fitted to cover the entire eye 1939-The first plastic contact lense 1948-First plastic contact lense that covered only the cornea 1971-Introduction to the first soft contact lense 1986-Overnight wear of contacts become available 1987-Disposable soft contact lenses 1996-Daily disposable contact lenses 2002-Silicone-hydrogel contact lenses



 The first hearing aid was put on the market in 1952. The hearing aid was powered by bateries that were worn around the waste.
 * __ The First Hearing Aid: __**




 * __ The Modern Medical Industry: __** UPMC Pittsburgh
 * Most active nuerosurgical and organ transplant center in the United States
 * Fifth largest medical establishment in the world-and growing
 * UMPC is the busiest organ transplant center in the world. They transplant an organ every ten hours
 * Some of the worlds greatest medical advancements happened in pittsburgh. The Polio Vaccine and the perfection of transplant surgies are just a few of the medical advancements UPMC has discovered. Without these advancements many would not be alive today.
 * UPMC specializes in organ transplant, cardiology, trauma, and neurosurgery
 * 10,000 babies a year are born at UPMC Magee-Womans Hospital
 * There are fifteen UPMC hospitals

 [] http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~kylawren/LCM_CW_Diseases.htm [] http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0932661.html [] []
 * References:**


 * Questions:**

By: Hannah Levitt & Madison Busse
 * 1) What were the three main diseases during the civil war, and how did they work?
 * 2) What group of people were believed to have started the medical industry and what kind of treatments did they have?
 * 3) What was one of the first discoveries that helped the medical industry?
 * 4) What was the percent that surrvived amputations during the civil war?
 * 1) What was the percent that surrvived amputations during the civil war?